Vibrio ponticus, a new pathogen of cultured cobia

Most of the members of the family Vibrionaceae are natural inhabitants of marine and estuarine ecosystem and several of them are pathogens in cultured aquatic organisms. Vibriosis caused by some pathogenic Vibrio spp., can cause huge mortality in marine fish culture systems. Intermittent mortality with haemorrhagic lesions on the fin, body surface, and head, exophthalmia (Fig.1) and stopping of feeding activity were noticed in cobia (25±5 cm length; 17±4 g weight) reared in sea cages off Polem, Goa during June 2015. The clinical signs lasted for a week with a total mortality of 12%. Isolation of bacteria aseptically from liver and kidney was done

Pathobiological studies of Vibrio alginolyticus biofilm on the defense functions and disease resistance in Giant tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

The present study was undertaken to develop and evaluate the biofIlm of Vibrio alginolyticus for oral immunostimulation in tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Development of biofIlm of V. alginolyticus was standardized and maximum bioftlm formation was achieved with 0.15 per cent TSB supplemented with 2 per cent NaCI on 0 .3 per cent chitin flakes with incubation for 3 d. The biofllm cell population was inversely related to the planktonic cell population during the culture. The biofllm cells could be inactivated at 800C and 10 per cent formalin while free cells at 600C and 0.5 per cent formalin suggesting the resistant nature of bioftlm to action by heat and chemicals. In SDS-PAGE, biofllm cells showed an increased expression of 3 new proteirts and repression of 4 proteins compared to free cells. Elevated values of the immune parameters with respect to total haemocyte count, phenol oxidase activity, total haemolymph protein and antibacterial activity were observed in shrimps exposed to 108 , 109 and 1010 cfu/g shrimp/ day bioftlm cells when compared to control shrimps. The values were highest in 109 and 1010 cfu groups with no significant difference between them. It was observed that 109 cfu/ g shrimp/day for 14 days was the optimum dose and time required to activate the immune system of juvenile P. monodon

Health management in mariculture for better production and income

Presently, the aquaculture development is towards increased intensification and commercialization of fish production with an intention to maximise profits in low volumehigh density mode. The aquaculture industry has been overwhelmed with its share of diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc. Along with feed and seed, diseases are also being considered as one of the factors influencing the profitability of the farming since diseases are now a primary constraint to the development and expansion of culture of many aquatic species. Several factors can be attributed to the present situation of disease problems in aquaculture: 1. increased globalization of trade of live aquatic animals and their products; 2. the intensification of aquaculture mediated through the translocation of brood stock, larvae, fry and fingerlings; 3. the development and intensification of ornamental fish trade; 4. interactions between cultured and wild fish populations, especially in cage farming in natural waters; 5. inadequate biosecurity measures; 6. Absence of vaccines for major bacterial and viral diseases

Backyard Chicken Farming: For Income, Health and Happiness

Backyard Chicken Farming: For Income, Health and Happines

भारत में पिंजरा मछली पालन में देखे जाने वाले सामान्य रोग

Common diseases in marine algae culture in Indi

Report on swimbladder disorder in the honeycomb grouper, Epinephelus merra

Swimbladder or airbladder is a thin layered epithelial sac filled with air, lying above the alimentary canal of bony fishes that regulates buoyancy of the fish so that the specific gravity of the fish always matches the depth at which it is swimming. Swimbladder disorder (SBD) is a condition caused by sudden temperature changes impacted stomach resulting from improper feeding or due to bacterial or viral infections of the bladder characterised by inability of the fish to keep a normal upright position in water. Normally gold fishes suffer from SBD due to their globoid body shape. Fish with SBD may float on their side or their back, swim in circles or take head-down posture

Nursery rearing of Asian Seabass

Lates calcarifer species is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical areas of the western Pacific and Indian ocean including Australia, Southeast Asia, the Philippines and countries bordering the Arabian sea. Seabass spend most of their life in a lagoon which connects to the sea. They spend two to three more years in estuarine areas until they mature, then migrate to the sea water around the mouth of a river or lagoon for spawning. Larvae and juveniles live in the sea grass bed in coastal areas for about six months, attaining a size of about 2 to 5 inches. The fish migrate to freshwater when they grow bigger

Diseases and their management in cage culture

The current trend in aquaculture development is towards increased intensification and commercialization of aquatic production. Like other farming sectors, the likelihood of major disease problems occurring increases as aquaculture activities intensify. Disease is now a primary constraint to the culture of many aquatic species, impeding both economic and sociadevelopment in many countries. Addressing health questions with both pro-active and reactive programmes has become a primary requirement for sustaining aquaculture production and product trade. It is reported that the principal diseases in cage aquaculture of marine finfish and shellfish in Asia are caused by environmental and management affects, nutritional causes, and viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal pathogen

Open sea cage culture for marine finfish and shellfishes

Open sea cage culture for marine finfish and shellfishe

Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus washed ashore at Devbagh, Karnataka

A female sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus was stranded and washed ashore in dead condition, at Devbagh, 10 km away from Karwar on 18.9.2009